"Liraglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes".The New England Journal of Medicine. 2016.
Contents:
1. Clinical Question
2. Bottom Line
3. Major Points
4. Guidelines
5. Design
6. Population
6.1 Inclusion Criteria
6.2 Exclusion Criteria
6.3 Baseline Characteristics
7. Interventions
8. Outcomes
8.1 Primary Outcomes
8.2 Secondary Outcomes
9. Funding
10. Further Reading
Clinical Question:
Does the addition of liraglutide to standard care improve cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk?
Bottom Line:
Among patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk, liraglutide added to standard care reduced the risk of major cardiovascular events and death from any cause.
Major Points:
Guidelines:
As of this trial's publication, no guidelines have been updated to reflect the results of this study.
Design:
Multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized controlled trial.
Population:
N=9,340 patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk.
Interventions:
Patients were randomized to receive either 1.8 mg (or the maximum tolerated dose) of liraglutide or a placebo once daily as a subcutaneous injection in addition to standard care.
Outcomes:
Primary Outcomes:
- The composite of first occurrence of death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke occurred significantly less in the liraglutide group compared with the placebo group.
- Death from cardiovascular causes and death from any cause were also lower in the liraglutide group.
Secondary Outcomes:
- Nonsignificant reductions were seen with liraglutide compared to placebo for nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, and hospitalization for heart failure.
- Fewer microvascular events were observed in the liraglutide group.
- Adverse events leading to discontinuation of liraglutide were mainly gastrointestinal.
Funding:
Funded by Novo Nordisk and grants from the National Institutes of Health.
Further Reading:
For full details of the study, readers should refer to the original publication and supplementary materials provided by the New England Journal of Medicine.